Can VCDS Read Catalytic Converter Temperatures? (Yes, Via EGT Sensors If Present)

Can VCDS read catalytic converter temperatures? Yes, VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System) can read catalytic converter temperatures via exhaust gas temperature (EGT) sensors, if your vehicle is equipped with them; mastering this function requires in-depth car scan tool training, and CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN provides specialized automotive scanner training designed to help technicians accurately diagnose catalytic converter issues by interpreting EGT sensor data. Our remote technician education ensures you gain the expertise needed for advanced diagnostics and efficient repairs.

1. Understanding Catalytic Converter Temperature Monitoring with VCDS

1.1 What is VCDS and How Does it Work?

VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System) is a comprehensive diagnostic tool used primarily for Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda, and SEAT vehicles. It allows technicians to access and analyze various control modules within the vehicle’s electronic systems. VCDS works by communicating with the vehicle’s onboard computer to read diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), view live data, perform output tests, and even reprogram certain control modules. Its user-friendly interface and extensive capabilities make it an indispensable tool for automotive diagnostics and repair, and you can significantly enhance your proficiency with VCDS through dedicated automotive scanner training.

1.2 The Role of Catalytic Converters in Emission Control

Catalytic converters play a crucial role in reducing harmful emissions from vehicle exhaust. They use chemical reactions to convert pollutants like hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) into less harmful substances such as carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and nitrogen (N2). The catalytic converter operates most efficiently at high temperatures, typically between 400°C and 800°C (752°F and 1472°F), requiring precise monitoring and adjustment to maintain optimal performance.

1.3 Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) Sensors: An Overview

Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) sensors are critical for monitoring the temperature of exhaust gases entering and exiting the catalytic converter. These sensors provide real-time data to the engine control unit (ECU), allowing it to adjust fuel mixture and ignition timing to maintain optimal catalytic converter efficiency and prevent overheating. EGT sensors are typically thermocouples that generate a voltage proportional to the exhaust gas temperature, which the ECU interprets to make necessary adjustments. The accuracy of these sensors is vital, making regular checks and proper diagnostic training essential.

EGT Sensor: An exhaust gas temperature (EGT) sensor installed in an exhaust system, monitoring temperature to help maintain catalytic converter efficiency and prevent overheating.

1.4 Why Monitor Catalytic Converter Temperature?

Monitoring catalytic converter temperature is essential for several reasons:

• Optimizing Efficiency: Maintaining the correct temperature ensures the catalytic converter operates at its peak efficiency, effectively reducing emissions.
• Preventing Overheating: Excessive temperatures can damage the catalytic converter, reducing its effectiveness and potentially causing costly repairs.
• Diagnosing Issues: Unusual temperature readings can indicate underlying problems such as a rich or lean fuel mixture, misfires, or a failing catalytic converter.
• Ensuring Compliance: Monitoring helps ensure the vehicle meets emission standards, avoiding potential fines and compliance issues.

1.5 How VCDS Accesses EGT Sensor Data

VCDS accesses EGT sensor data by communicating with the vehicle’s ECU. The ECU receives signals from the EGT sensors and makes this data available through specific measuring blocks or advanced measuring values within VCDS. By selecting the appropriate measuring blocks, technicians can view real-time temperature readings, identify potential issues, and perform necessary diagnostics. Understanding this process is a core component of any comprehensive car scan tool training program.

2. Step-by-Step Guide: Reading Catalytic Converter Temperature with VCDS

2.1 Connecting VCDS to Your Vehicle

1. Install VCDS Software: Ensure you have the latest version of the VCDS software installed on your laptop.
2. Connect the Interface: Plug the VCDS interface cable into the OBD-II port of your vehicle. The OBD-II port is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side.
3. Turn on the Ignition: Turn the vehicle’s ignition on, but do not start the engine.
4. Launch VCDS: Open the VCDS software on your laptop.
5. Select Interface: In VCDS, select the correct interface from the options menu to establish a connection with the vehicle.

2.2 Navigating to the Engine Control Module (ECU)

1. Select Control Module: On the main screen of VCDS, click on “Select Control Module.”
2. Choose Engine: A list of control modules will appear. Select “01-Engine” to access the engine control module.
3. Confirm Connection: VCDS will connect to the ECU and display relevant information about the engine.

2.3 Identifying the Correct Measuring Blocks for EGT Sensors

1. Access Measuring Blocks: Once connected to the ECU, click on “Measuring Blocks – 08.”
2. Identify EGT Blocks: You will need to identify the specific measuring blocks that contain the EGT sensor data. This can vary depending on the vehicle model and engine type. Common measuring blocks to check include those labeled with “Exhaust Gas Temperature,” “Catalytic Converter Temperature,” or similar descriptions.
3. Consult Documentation: If you are unsure which blocks to use, consult the Ross-Tech Wiki or other VCDS resources for your specific vehicle model.

2.4 Interpreting the Temperature Readings

1. Select Measuring Blocks: Enter the numbers of the measuring blocks you identified in the previous step (e.g., enter “100” if you want to check block 100). You can typically view up to three blocks simultaneously.
2. Start Logging: Click “Go!” to start displaying the data from the selected measuring blocks.
3. Monitor Readings: Observe the temperature readings. Typical catalytic converter temperatures range from 400°C to 800°C (752°F to 1472°F) under normal operating conditions.
4. Analyze Data:
   • Low Temperatures: May indicate a malfunctioning EGT sensor, a rich fuel mixture, or a failing catalytic converter.
   • High Temperatures: May indicate a lean fuel mixture, engine misfires, or excessive engine load.
   • Fluctuations: Erratic temperature fluctuations can also indicate sensor issues or intermittent engine problems.

2.5 Common Issues and Troubleshooting Tips

• Sensor Malfunction: If a sensor is not providing readings, check the wiring and connections. Use VCDS to check for specific DTCs related to the EGT sensors.
• Incorrect Readings: Compare readings from multiple sensors (if available) to identify discrepancies. A significant difference may indicate a faulty sensor.
• Software Updates: Ensure your VCDS software is up-to-date to support the latest vehicle models and sensor types.
• Wiring Issues: Inspect the wiring harness for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
• ECU Problems: In rare cases, issues with the ECU can affect sensor readings. Consult a qualified technician for further diagnosis.

3. Advanced Diagnostics with VCDS and EGT Sensors

3.1 Performing a Forced Regeneration of the DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter)

In diesel vehicles, EGT sensors are crucial for managing the diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration process. VCDS can be used to initiate a forced regeneration, which burns off accumulated soot in the DPF.

1. Check DPF Load: Use VCDS to check the DPF load level. If it is too high, a forced regeneration may be necessary.
2. Initiate Regeneration: Navigate to the engine control module and select “Login – 11.” Enter the appropriate login code for forced regeneration (this code varies by vehicle model).
3. Basic Settings: Go to “Basic Settings – 04” and select the regeneration function. Follow the on-screen instructions to start the process.
4. Monitor EGT: During the regeneration, monitor the EGT sensors to ensure the temperature reaches the required level for soot combustion.

3.2 Identifying Misfires and Fuel Mixture Issues

EGT sensors can help diagnose engine misfires and fuel mixture problems. By monitoring the temperature changes in the exhaust gases, technicians can identify cylinders that are misfiring or running too rich or lean.

1. Monitor Individual Cylinder Temperatures: Use VCDS to monitor the EGT readings for each cylinder (if available).
2. Identify Discrepancies: A significant drop in temperature in one cylinder may indicate a misfire. Higher than normal temperatures may indicate a lean fuel mixture.
3. Perform Further Tests: Use VCDS to perform additional tests such as cylinder balance tests or fuel injector tests to pinpoint the cause of the issue.

3.3 Using Live Data for Real-Time Analysis

VCDS allows technicians to view live data from various sensors and systems in real-time. This is invaluable for diagnosing intermittent issues and understanding how different components interact with each other.

1. Select Relevant Measuring Blocks: Choose the measuring blocks that are relevant to the system you are diagnosing (e.g., EGT sensors, oxygen sensors, MAF sensor).
2. Record Data: Use VCDS to record the live data while the vehicle is running.
3. Analyze Data: Review the recorded data to identify any anomalies or patterns that may indicate a problem.

VCDS Live Data: A snapshot of VCDS displaying live data from various sensors, including EGT, enabling real-time analysis for diagnosing intermittent issues and understanding system interactions.

3.4 Graphing and Data Logging Capabilities

VCDS offers powerful graphing and data logging capabilities, allowing technicians to visualize sensor data over time. This is particularly useful for identifying trends and patterns that may not be apparent from simply viewing the raw data.

1. Select Measuring Blocks: Choose the measuring blocks you want to graph.
2. Start Logging: Click “Log” to start recording data.
3. Create Graph: After recording data, use VCDS to create a graph of the selected parameters.
4. Analyze Graph: Look for any spikes, dips, or unusual patterns in the graph that may indicate a problem.

3.5 Verifying Repairs with VCDS

After performing repairs, VCDS can be used to verify that the issue has been resolved and that the vehicle is operating correctly.

1. Clear DTCs: Clear any DTCs that were present before the repair.
2. Monitor Sensor Data: Monitor the relevant sensor data (e.g., EGT sensors, oxygen sensors) to ensure the readings are within the expected range.
3. Perform Output Tests: Use VCDS to perform output tests on the repaired components to verify that they are functioning correctly.
4. Recheck for DTCs: After a test drive, recheck for any new DTCs to ensure that the repair was successful.

4. Common Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Related to Catalytic Converters and EGT Sensors

4.1 P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)

This DTC indicates that the catalytic converter is not functioning as efficiently as it should. It is triggered when the oxygen sensor readings after the catalytic converter do not match the expected values, suggesting the converter is not effectively reducing emissions.

Possible Causes:

• Failing catalytic converter
• Exhaust leaks
• Faulty oxygen sensors
• Engine misfires
• Rich or lean fuel mixture

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Check for Exhaust Leaks: Inspect the exhaust system for any leaks before the catalytic converter.
2. Test Oxygen Sensors: Use VCDS to monitor the oxygen sensor readings before and after the catalytic converter. Compare the readings to identify any discrepancies.
3. Check for Misfires: Use VCDS to check for engine misfires. Address any misfires before proceeding.
4. Inspect Catalytic Converter: Visually inspect the catalytic converter for any signs of damage or deterioration.

4.2 P0430: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)

This DTC is similar to P0420 but applies to Bank 2 of the engine. It indicates that the catalytic converter on the second bank is not functioning efficiently.

Possible Causes:

• Failing catalytic converter (Bank 2)
• Exhaust leaks (Bank 2)
• Faulty oxygen sensors (Bank 2)
• Engine misfires (Bank 2)
• Rich or lean fuel mixture (Bank 2)

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Check for Exhaust Leaks: Inspect the exhaust system on Bank 2 for any leaks.
2. Test Oxygen Sensors: Monitor the oxygen sensor readings on Bank 2.
3. Check for Misfires: Check for engine misfires on Bank 2.
4. Inspect Catalytic Converter: Visually inspect the catalytic converter on Bank 2.

4.3 P0544: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit (Bank 1, Sensor 1)

This DTC indicates a problem with the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) sensor circuit on Bank 1, Sensor 1. It may be caused by a faulty sensor, wiring issues, or a problem with the ECU.

Possible Causes:

• Faulty EGT sensor
• Wiring issues (open circuit, short circuit)
• Connector problems
• ECU malfunction

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Check Wiring and Connections: Inspect the wiring and connectors for the EGT sensor. Look for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
2. Test Sensor Resistance: Use a multimeter to test the resistance of the EGT sensor. Compare the reading to the manufacturer’s specifications.
3. Monitor Sensor Readings: Use VCDS to monitor the EGT sensor readings. If the sensor is not providing any data, it may be faulty.
4. Replace Sensor: If the sensor is faulty, replace it with a new one.

4.4 P0545: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit Low (Bank 1, Sensor 1)

This DTC indicates that the signal from the EGT sensor on Bank 1, Sensor 1 is too low. It may be caused by a short circuit, wiring issues, or a faulty sensor.

Possible Causes:

• Short circuit in the EGT sensor circuit
• Wiring issues
• Faulty EGT sensor
• ECU malfunction

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Check Wiring and Connections: Inspect the wiring and connectors for the EGT sensor.
2. Test for Short Circuit: Use a multimeter to check for a short circuit in the EGT sensor circuit.
3. Monitor Sensor Readings: Use VCDS to monitor the EGT sensor readings.
4. Replace Sensor: If the sensor is faulty, replace it with a new one.

4.5 P0546: Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit High (Bank 1, Sensor 1)

This DTC indicates that the signal from the EGT sensor on Bank 1, Sensor 1 is too high. It may be caused by an open circuit, wiring issues, or a faulty sensor.

Possible Causes:

• Open circuit in the EGT sensor circuit
• Wiring issues
• Faulty EGT sensor
• ECU malfunction

Troubleshooting Steps:

1. Check Wiring and Connections: Inspect the wiring and connectors for the EGT sensor.
2. Test for Open Circuit: Use a multimeter to check for an open circuit in the EGT sensor circuit.
3. Monitor Sensor Readings: Use VCDS to monitor the EGT sensor readings.
4. Replace Sensor: If the sensor is faulty, replace it with a new one.

4.6 Addressing Multiple DTCs

When multiple DTCs are present, it is essential to address them systematically. Start by addressing the most critical DTCs first, and then clear the codes and recheck to see if any other codes reappear.

1. Prioritize DTCs: Determine which DTCs are most critical and address them first.
2. Clear DTCs: After addressing a DTC, clear the codes and recheck to see if any other codes reappear.
3. Verify Repairs: Use VCDS to verify that the repairs have resolved the issues and that the vehicle is operating correctly.

By understanding these common DTCs and following the recommended troubleshooting steps, technicians can effectively diagnose and repair issues related to catalytic converters and EGT sensors using VCDS.

5. Benefits of Automotive Scanner Training at CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN

5.1 Comprehensive Curriculum

CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN offers a comprehensive curriculum designed to provide technicians with the knowledge and skills they need to excel in automotive diagnostics. Our courses cover a wide range of topics, including:

• Basic Diagnostics: Introduction to automotive diagnostic principles and techniques.
• Advanced Diagnostics: Advanced diagnostic strategies for complex automotive systems.
• Scan Tool Operation: Hands-on training in the use of various scan tools, including VCDS.
• Data Interpretation: Interpreting and analyzing data from scan tools and other diagnostic equipment.
• Emission Control Systems: Detailed coverage of emission control systems, including catalytic converters and EGT sensors.
• Electrical Systems: Electrical system diagnostics and repair.
• Engine Management Systems: Engine management system diagnostics and repair.

5.2 Expert Instructors

Our instructors are experienced automotive technicians with extensive knowledge of automotive diagnostics and repair. They bring real-world experience to the classroom, providing students with practical insights and guidance.

5.3 Hands-On Training

We believe in learning by doing. Our courses include extensive hands-on training, allowing students to apply what they have learned in a real-world setting. Students will have the opportunity to work on actual vehicles, using scan tools and other diagnostic equipment to diagnose and repair various issues.

5.4 Remote Technician Education

CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN provides flexible remote technician education options, making it easier for technicians to upgrade their skills regardless of their location or schedule. Our online courses include:

• Interactive Video Lectures: Engaging video lectures that cover key concepts and techniques.
• Virtual Labs: Virtual labs that allow students to practice diagnostic procedures in a simulated environment.
• Online Forums: Online forums where students can interact with instructors and other students, ask questions, and share their experiences.
• Assessments: Quizzes and exams to assess student learning and ensure mastery of the material.
• Certification: Upon completion of the course, students will receive a certification that validates their knowledge and skills.

5.5 State-of-the-Art Facilities

Our training facilities are equipped with the latest diagnostic equipment and tools, providing students with a cutting-edge learning environment. We have a wide range of vehicles available for hands-on training, allowing students to work on different makes and models.

5.6 Career Advancement

Completing our automotive scanner training program can significantly enhance your career prospects. Graduates of our program are highly sought after by dealerships, repair shops, and other automotive employers. With advanced diagnostic skills, you can command a higher salary and take on more challenging and rewarding projects.

6. Real-World Examples and Case Studies

6.1 Case Study 1: Diagnosing a Failing Catalytic Converter

A technician was presented with a 2012 Audi A4 with a P0420 DTC (Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold). Using VCDS, the technician monitored the oxygen sensor readings before and after the catalytic converter. The readings showed that the oxygen sensor after the converter was fluctuating in a similar pattern to the sensor before the converter, indicating that the converter was not functioning efficiently. After confirming that there were no exhaust leaks or engine misfires, the technician concluded that the catalytic converter was failing and needed to be replaced.

6.2 Case Study 2: Identifying a Faulty EGT Sensor

A technician was working on a 2015 Volkswagen Golf TDI with a DPF warning light. Using VCDS, the technician checked the EGT sensor readings and found that one of the sensors was providing erratic and inconsistent data. After inspecting the wiring and connectors, the technician determined that the EGT sensor was faulty and needed to be replaced. After replacing the sensor, the DPF warning light went off, and the vehicle operated normally.

6.3 Case Study 3: Diagnosing a Lean Fuel Mixture

A technician was presented with a 2010 Audi Q5 with a P0171 DTC (System Too Lean, Bank 1). Using VCDS, the technician monitored the EGT sensor readings and found that the temperatures were higher than normal. This, along with other data, indicated a lean fuel mixture. The technician then checked the MAF sensor and found that it was providing inaccurate readings. After replacing the MAF sensor, the fuel mixture returned to normal, and the P0171 DTC was resolved.

7. The Future of Automotive Diagnostics

7.1 The Increasing Complexity of Automotive Systems

Modern vehicles are becoming increasingly complex, with advanced electronic systems and sophisticated sensors. This complexity requires technicians to have a deep understanding of automotive diagnostics and the ability to use advanced diagnostic tools like VCDS.

7.2 The Role of Remote Diagnostics

Remote diagnostics is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry. With remote diagnostics, technicians can diagnose and repair vehicles from a remote location, saving time and money. CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN‘s remote technician education programs are designed to prepare technicians for the future of automotive diagnostics.

7.3 The Importance of Continuous Learning

The automotive industry is constantly evolving, with new technologies and systems being introduced all the time. To stay ahead of the curve, technicians need to engage in continuous learning and professional development. CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN offers a wide range of courses and resources to help technicians stay up-to-date on the latest automotive technologies.

8. Why Choose VCDS Over Other Scan Tools?

8.1 VCDS vs. Generic OBD-II Scanners

While generic OBD-II scanners can read basic diagnostic trouble codes, they often lack the advanced capabilities needed for in-depth diagnostics. VCDS offers several advantages over generic scanners:

• Access to Proprietary Codes: VCDS can access proprietary diagnostic trouble codes that are specific to Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda, and SEAT vehicles. These codes provide more detailed information about the nature of the problem.
• Advanced Functions: VCDS offers advanced functions such as output tests, adaptation, and coding, which are not available on generic scanners.
• Live Data: VCDS provides access to a wide range of live data parameters, allowing technicians to monitor the performance of various systems in real-time.
• DPF Regeneration: VCDS can be used to initiate a forced regeneration of the DPF on diesel vehicles.
• Bi-Directional Control: VCDS offers bi-directional control, allowing technicians to activate or deactivate certain components to test their functionality.

8.2 VCDS vs. Other Professional Scan Tools

While there are many professional scan tools available on the market, VCDS offers a unique combination of features and affordability. Some advantages of VCDS over other professional scan tools include:

• Cost-Effectiveness: VCDS is relatively affordable compared to other professional scan tools with similar capabilities.
• User-Friendly Interface: VCDS has a user-friendly interface that is easy to learn and use.
• Extensive Documentation: Ross-Tech provides extensive documentation and support for VCDS, including a comprehensive Wiki with detailed information about various diagnostic procedures.
• Active Community: VCDS has a large and active online community, where users can share their experiences and get help with diagnostic issues.

9. Practical Tips for Using VCDS Effectively

9.1 Keeping Your Software Up-To-Date

It is essential to keep your VCDS software up-to-date to ensure that you have the latest features and bug fixes. Ross-Tech regularly releases new versions of the software, which include support for new vehicle models and improved diagnostic capabilities.

9.2 Understanding Measuring Blocks and Advanced Measuring Values

Measuring blocks and advanced measuring values are used to access live data from various sensors and systems. It is important to understand the meaning of each measuring block and how to interpret the data.

9.3 Using the Ross-Tech Wiki

The Ross-Tech Wiki is a valuable resource for VCDS users. It contains detailed information about various diagnostic procedures, DTCs, and measuring blocks. The Wiki is constantly updated with new information, so it is a good idea to check it regularly.

9.4 Joining Online Forums and Communities

There are many online forums and communities where VCDS users can share their experiences and get help with diagnostic issues. These forums can be a valuable source of information and support.

9.5 Taking Advantage of Training Resources

CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN offers a variety of training resources to help technicians improve their diagnostic skills. Our courses cover a wide range of topics, including basic diagnostics, advanced diagnostics, scan tool operation, and data interpretation.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About VCDS and Catalytic Converter Diagnostics

10.1 Can VCDS perform a catalytic converter test?

Yes, VCDS can monitor oxygen sensor readings to assess catalytic converter efficiency.

10.2 What measuring blocks should I use to check EGT sensor readings?

Refer to the Ross-Tech Wiki or your vehicle’s service manual for specific measuring block numbers.

10.3 How do I know if my EGT sensor is faulty?

Erratic readings or a lack of data from the sensor may indicate a fault.

10.4 Can VCDS initiate a DPF regeneration?

Yes, VCDS can initiate a forced DPF regeneration on compatible vehicles.

10.5 Is automotive scanner training worth the investment?

Yes, it enhances diagnostic skills and efficiency, leading to better career opportunities.

10.6 What are the benefits of remote technician education?

Flexibility, convenience, and access to expert instructors from anywhere.

10.7 How does CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN support its students?

Through interactive video lectures, virtual labs, online forums, and certification programs.

10.8 What types of vehicles are compatible with VCDS?

VCDS is primarily designed for Volkswagen, Audi, Skoda, and SEAT vehicles.

10.9 How often should I update my VCDS software?

Regularly, to ensure compatibility with new models and access to the latest features.

10.10 Where can I find reliable information about VCDS diagnostic procedures?

The Ross-Tech Wiki and reputable online forums are excellent resources.

Investing in automotive scanner training and mastering tools like VCDS is critical for success in today’s automotive industry. CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN provides the resources and expertise you need to excel in automotive diagnostics.

Table: VCDS Training Courses at CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN

Course Name	Duration	Target Audience
Basic Automotive Diagnostics	40 Hours	Entry-level technicians, automotive enthusiasts
Advanced Scan Tool Diagnostics	80 Hours	Experienced technicians, diagnostic specialists
Emission Control Systems Mastery	60 Hours	Technicians focusing on emission-related repairs
VCDS Advanced Operation	50 Hours	Technicians specializing in VAG vehicle diagnostics

Automotive Training: Technicians engaged in hands-on automotive training, learning advanced diagnostic techniques and scan tool operation.

Are you ready to enhance your diagnostic skills and become an expert in automotive technology? Contact CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN today to learn more about our comprehensive automotive scanner training programs and remote technician education options. Our expert instructors and state-of-the-art facilities will provide you with the knowledge and skills you need to excel in your career.

Take the next step towards a successful career in automotive diagnostics! Contact us now!

Address: 555 Automotive Way, Suite 100, Los Angeles, CA 90017, United States
Whatsapp: +1 (641) 206-8880
Website: CAR-SCAN-TOOL.EDU.VN